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Case Study #216 — 300 Software Failure Case Studies

XL Airways Germany Flight 888T crash

An Airbus A320 on a customer-acceptance test flight crashed into the Mediterranean Sea off Perpignan, France, killing all 7 people aboard.

2008-11-27
When it happened
Aviation
Sector
#216 of 300
Ranked by documented impact
01 — What Happened

The damage was public. The root cause was preventable.

An Airbus A320 on a customer-acceptance test flight crashed into the Mediterranean Sea off Perpignan, France, killing all 7 people aboard.

Aviation
Sector affected
2008-11-27
Date of the event
#216
Rank in the 300 Software Failure Case Studies
3
Distinct root-cause clauses identified below
02 — The Root Cause

What the software actually got wrong

Angle-of-attack sensors had been washed, then obstructed by water that froze at altitude; the flight-control computers, unable to get valid angle-of-attack data, could not provide the low-speed stall protection the crew was relying on during a low-speed test maneuver, and the aircraft stalled and crashed before the crew could recover.

01Root Cause

Angle-of-attack sensors had been washed, then obstructed by water...

What Happened

Angle-of-attack sensors had been washed, then obstructed by water that froze at altitude

How Requs AI Catches This

Requs AI Edge Case flags this exact pattern at the requirements and architecture stage — before a single line of code implementing it exists — so the assumption behind it gets challenged while it is still cheap to fix.

02Root Cause

The flight-control computers, unable to get valid angle-of-attack data,...

What Happened

the flight-control computers, unable to get valid angle-of-attack data, could not provide the low-speed stall protection the crew was relying on during a low-speed test maneuver

How Requs AI Catches This

Requs AI Software FMEA traces this failure mode back to the system-level hazard it feeds, tagging it against the Common Defect Enumeration so it surfaces in review instead of in the field.

03Root Cause

The aircraft stalled and crashed before the crew could...

What Happened

the aircraft stalled and crashed before the crew could recover

How Requs AI Catches This

Requs AI Edge Case and Software FMEA together treat this as a known, catalogued defect pattern — not a novel surprise — so it gets tested for deliberately rather than discovered after deployment.

03 — How This Gets Caught Before It Happens

Beyond code coverage and "shall" testing

Root causes like this one rarely show up in code coverage or requirements-compliance testing, because nobody wrote a requirement anticipating the specific edge case that broke. Requs AI Edge Case and Requs AI Software FMEA are built to surface exactly this class of overlooked failure mode — before the software is written.

Requs AI Edge Case

Surfaces this before code exists

Identifies edge cases like this one at requirements and architecture time, using the Common Defect Enumeration to catalog failure patterns seen across hundreds of real-world software failures — including this one.

Requs AI Software FMEA

Connects the failure mode to the hazard

Traces this class of root cause directly to the system-level hazard it can produce, so a defect pattern like this one gets flagged during design review instead of after it ships.

Find the overlooked root causes before they ship.

Schedule a demonstration, or explore how Requs AI Edge Case and Software FMEA use the Common Defect Enumeration.