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Case Study #288 — 300 Software Failure Case Studies

2005 SAT scoring errors (Pearson Educational Measurement)

Pearson Educational Measurement's scanning of SAT answer sheets incorrectly scored thousands of students' October 2005 tests, some scores too low, affecting college admissions decisions already made on the erroneous scores.

2005-10
When it happened
Government / Education
Sector
#288 of 300
Ranked by documented impact
01 — What Happened

The damage was public. The root cause was preventable.

Pearson Educational Measurement's scanning of SAT answer sheets incorrectly scored thousands of students' October 2005 tests, some scores too low, affecting college admissions decisions already made on the erroneous scores.

Government
Sector affected
2005-10
Date of the event
#288
Rank in the 300 Software Failure Case Studies
2
Distinct root-cause clauses identified below
02 — The Root Cause

What the software actually got wrong

The College Board found that dampness had caused some answer sheets to expand slightly, and the automated optical scanning equipment and software used to read the sheets misread some answers as a result, an error that went undetected until an unusual number of students requested hand rescoring.

01Root Cause

The College Board found that dampness had caused some...

What Happened

The College Board found that dampness had caused some answer sheets to expand slightly

How Requs AI Catches This

Requs AI Edge Case flags this exact pattern at the requirements and architecture stage — before a single line of code implementing it exists — so the assumption behind it gets challenged while it is still cheap to fix.

02Root Cause

The automated optical scanning equipment and software used to...

What Happened

the automated optical scanning equipment and software used to read the sheets misread some answers as a result, an error that went undetected until an unusual number of students requested hand rescoring

How Requs AI Catches This

Requs AI Software FMEA traces this failure mode back to the system-level hazard it feeds, tagging it against the Common Defect Enumeration so it surfaces in review instead of in the field.

03 — How This Gets Caught Before It Happens

Beyond code coverage and "shall" testing

Root causes like this one rarely show up in code coverage or requirements-compliance testing, because nobody wrote a requirement anticipating the specific edge case that broke. Requs AI Edge Case and Requs AI Software FMEA are built to surface exactly this class of overlooked failure mode — before the software is written.

Requs AI Edge Case

Surfaces this before code exists

Identifies edge cases like this one at requirements and architecture time, using the Common Defect Enumeration to catalog failure patterns seen across hundreds of real-world software failures — including this one.

Requs AI Software FMEA

Connects the failure mode to the hazard

Traces this class of root cause directly to the system-level hazard it can produce, so a defect pattern like this one gets flagged during design review instead of after it ships.

Find the overlooked root causes before they ship.

Schedule a demonstration, or explore how Requs AI Edge Case and Software FMEA use the Common Defect Enumeration.